Goal:

The purpose of this blog is to showcase the detailed explanation of add circular overlay on video using ffmpeg

Input:

Sample overlay video and background video.

Background video sample

Overlay video sample

To check its properties like codec formats , bitrate , etc., run the below command

ffprobe <file_location>

For example
ffprobe overlay.mp4
ffprobe background.mp4

Process:

To add overlay video on video , run the below command

ffmpeg -y -i <background_video_path> -i <overlay_video_path> -filter_complex "[1]format=yuva444p,geq=lum='p(X,Y)':a='st(1,pow(min(W/2,H/2),2))+st(3,pow(X-(W/2),2)+pow(Y-(H/2),2));if(lte(ld(3),ld(1)),255,0)'[circular shaped video];[circular shaped video]scale=w=1000:h=600[circular shaped video small];[0:v][circular shaped video small]overlay=main_w-(overlay_w+10):main_h-(overlay_h+10)[outv]" -map "[outv]" -c:v libx264 -preset ultrafast -t 10 <vid_overlay_combined_path>

-y: Overwrites the output file if it already exists without asking for confirmation.

-i <background_video_path>: Specifies the input file background.mp4, which will serve as the background video.

-i <overlay_video_path>: Specifies the input file overlay.mp4, which will be the overlay video.

-filter_complex: Begins the filtergraph description for complex filter operations.

[1]format=yuva444p,geq=lum='p(X,Y)':a='st(1,pow(min(W/2,H/2),2))+st(3,pow(X-(W/2),2)+pow(Y-(H/2),2));if(lte(ld(3),ld(1)),255,0)'[circular shaped video]: Applies the format and geq filters to the overlay video ([1] refers to the second input, which is the overlay video). It converts the video to the yuva444p format and sets the luminance and alpha values based on the position (X,Y) of each pixel. It creates a circular shape by evaluating the distance from the center of the video and making the pixels outside the circle transparent. The filtered output is labeled as [circular shaped video].

[circular shaped video]scale=w=1000:h=600[circular shaped video small]: Resizes the [circular shaped video] to a width of 1000 pixels and a height of 600 pixels. The resized output is labeled as [circular shaped video small].

[0:v][circular shaped video small]overlay=main_w-(overlay_w+10):main_h-(overlay_h+10)[outv]: Overlays the [circular shaped video small] onto the background video [0:v]. The overlay is positioned at the bottom right corner of the background video by calculating the coordinates based on the main video width (main_w), main video height (main_h), overlay video width (overlay_w), and overlay video height (overlay_h). The resulting video is labeled as [outv].

-map "[outv]": Specifies the output video stream to be mapped from [outv].

-c:v libx264: Sets the video codec to libx264 for the output video.

-preset ultrafast: Uses the ultrafast preset for faster encoding speed.

-t 10: Specifies a duration of 10 seconds for the output video.

<vid_overlay_combined_path>: Sets the output file name as vid_overlay_combined.mp4.

For example

ffmpeg -y -i background.mp4 -i overlay.mp4 -filter_complex "[1]format=yuva444p,geq=lum='p(X,Y)':a='st(1,pow(min(W/2,H/2),2))+st(3,pow(X-(W/2),2)+pow(Y-(H/2),2));if(lte(ld(3),ld(1)),255,0)'[circular shaped video];[circular shaped video]scale=w=1000:h=600[circular shaped video small];[0:v][circular shaped video small]overlay=main_w-(overlay_w+10):main_h-(overlay_h+10)[outv]" -map "[outv]" -c:v libx264 -preset ultrafast -t 10 vid_overlay_combined.mp4

Result:

After running the above command overlay video added on the video. To check the output file properties run ffprobe <output_file> command

How to add a circular overlay video on a source video using FFmpeg?